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Quickpick pinkeye11/7/2022 But there were no significant differences in proline content among cowpea varieties. The results showed that photochemical yield, chlorophyll content, and relative water content were reduced under water deficit at the vegetative and reproductive stages. Each genotype was exposed to three water treatments: fully irrigated control, vegetative stress (when plants were 23 days old, drought stress was imposed for 30 days), and reproductive stress (once the first flowers were observed, water stress was imposed for 30 days). The experiment was conducted at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture in Benin and laid at a split-plot design with four replicates. Twenty cowpea varieties were used, including 17 improved cultivars and 3 landraces. Thus, this work aims at selecting cowpea varieties that can be cultivated in times of drought without compromising their yields and yield components. However, cowpea cultivation in Benin faces climatic constraints such as water stress caused by a prolonged absence of rain during the rainy season. Its seeds are a valuable source of protein, vitamins, and income for humans. In summary, the responses of cowpea plants to abiotic stress depend on the type and the degree of stress applied and the plant organs.Ĭowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is an important commodity in West Africa. The degree of these changes was dependent on the type of treatment, and the observed effects were more substantial in leaves than in roots. NO emission rates after 3 h in the hypoxically treated plants were similar to the controls, while the other two treatments resulted in lower values of NO production, and these levels further decreased with time. Leaf flavonoid content decreased considerably after hypoxia, while it increased under water deficit treatment. Polyphenol oxidase activity in both roots and leaves exhibited a marked increase as compared to catalase and peroxidase. Following two weeks of treatments, leaf and whole-plant fresh weights declined, soluble sugar levels in leaves decreased, and lipid peroxidation of leaves and roots and the levels of leaf electrolyte leakage increased. We hypothesized that the cowpea plants would increase in tolerance to these three abiotic stresses when their intensities rose in a stepwise manner. We aimed to investigate how cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) plants respond to three common agricultural abiotic stresses: hypoxia (applied with the increasing time of exposure to nitrogen gas), salinity (gradually increasing NaCl concentration), and water deficit (gradual decrease in water supply). The knowledge on plants’ responses following gradually increasing stress is limited, as many of the studies are focused on abiotic shock responses. Exposing plants to gradually increasing stress and to abiotic shock represents two different phenomena.
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